TOEFL score requirements explained

A programme asking for a total of 100 with a minimum of 22 in each section is not asking for one thing but two. A candidate scoring 28, 28, 24 and 20 reaches the total and still fails the requirement, because one section falls below the floor.

This is why targeting your weakest section is almost always worth more than pushing your strongest one higher. Balanced profiles clear more requirements than spiky ones at the same total.

University pages differ in wording, and the wording carries meaning.

Where a score falls slightly short, many institutions offer conditional admission tied to a language course before or alongside the degree. This is a legitimate route, but it adds cost and time, so it is worth comparing against retaking the test.

TOEFL scores are valid for two years from the test date. Universities normally require scores sent directly by the test provider rather than a screenshot or PDF from the candidate, and processing takes time — build that delay into your application deadline, not just the test date.

Where several attempts exist, some institutions accept only the most recent result, while others consider the best. Check the specific policy rather than assuming, because it changes what a retake is worth.

Take the highest requirement across your shortlist, add a small buffer to each section minimum, and treat that as the target. Aiming exactly at the published floor leaves no margin for a weaker test day, and a resit costs more than the extra preparation would have.