IELTS Writing Task 2: essay types and structure

Recognising the prompt type is the first step to a defensible plan. Underline the exact task instruction and match it to one of these five patterns.

Introduction (paraphrase the prompt and state your thesis in one sentence), Body 1 (main argument or first view, one main idea + one example), Body 2 (second argument or opposing view), Conclusion (restate the thesis and close). Each body paragraph should have a topic sentence, one supporting example, and one linking sentence.

Every prompt has a specific question. "To what extent do you agree" wants a position, not a survey. "Discuss both views and give your own opinion" wants both views and your view — missing your view alone caps the score at Band 6. Refer back to the exact prompt language in your topic sentences.

Cohesion is not sprinkling firstly, secondly, moreover across every paragraph. It is using referencing (this, these, such), substitution (do so, one, the former), and paragraph transitions that follow logically from the previous sentence. Examiners specifically penalise over-use of mechanical linkers.

Aim for topic-specific vocabulary that shows range: not people who make things (Band 6) but manufacturers or producers (Band 7+). For grammar, alternate simple, compound, and complex sentences; mix at least one conditional or passive naturally; avoid repeating the same structure.